Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive technique that combines a photosensitising agent (applied topically or, in selected cases, systemically) with a light source of a specific wavelength. The photosensitiser is preferentially absorbed by tumour, precancerous or otherwise atypical cells and, once activated by light, induces necrosis and/or selective apoptosis of these cells through photophysical, photochemical and photobiological mechanisms, while preserving surrounding healthy tissue as much as possible.
The treatment consists of two phases: first, the photosensitising agent is applied to the area to be treated (for example the face, scalp, backs of the hands) and left in place for a defined period of time so that it can concentrate in the altered cells; then the area is exposed to a specific PDT lamp, which activates the substance and generates reactive oxygen species capable of selectively damaging pathological cells.
Therapeutic perspectives
The PDT system used at MAVIT delivers high and constant energy throughout the entire session, ensuring greater homogeneity of treatment, shorter procedure times and improved patient comfort. Photodynamic Therapy is indicated for multiple actinic keratoses, superficial basal cell carcinomas (basaliomas), Bowen’s disease, some cutaneous metastases and selected mycoses, cutaneous-stage Kaposi’s sarcoma, HPV-associated disorders (warts, certain verrucae), psoriasis in specific forms, and acne as an anti-inflammatory and sebum-regulating treatment within dedicated protocols.
In aesthetic medicine, PDT is used for photorejuvenation of photo-damaged areas (face, neck, décolleté), often in combination with fractional CO₂ laser, in order to improve skin texture, radiance and evenness. At MAVIT, PDT is particularly employed for the treatment of fields of cancerization in chronically photo-exposed areas, with outpatient protocols and careful dermatologic follow-up to monitor the evolution of lesions and prevent recurrences.
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